Calculating five times the number 31

To calculate five times the number 31, you use multiplication, specifically multiplying 31 by 5. Multiplication here means you are taking the value of 31 and combining it five times, which scales the number up proportionally. Think of it as adding 31 five separate times: 31 + 31 + 31 + 31 + 31. Performing the operation 31 * 5 accomplishes this in a single step. The expression 155 captures this calculation, so when you substitute any value for 31, evaluating 31 * 5 will give you five times that original number.