Calculating five times the number 10

To calculate five times the number 10, you use multiplication, specifically multiplying 10 by 5. Multiplication here means you are taking the value of 10 and combining it five times, which scales the number up proportionally. Think of it as adding 10 five separate times: 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10. Performing the operation 10 * 5 accomplishes this in a single step. The expression 50 captures this calculation, so when you substitute any value for 10, evaluating 10 * 5 will give you five times that original number.